{"id":3556,"date":"2026-02-17T11:15:11","date_gmt":"2026-02-17T10:15:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www-preprod.cnrs-imn.fr\/materials-engineering-and-metallurgy\/"},"modified":"2026-04-07T14:51:57","modified_gmt":"2026-04-07T12:51:57","slug":"materials-engineering-and-metallurgy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/materials-engineering-and-metallurgy\/","title":{"rendered":"Materials Engineering and Metallurgy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-1 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-two\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h2 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Materials and Metallurgy Engineering <span class=\"titlesecond\">(ID2M)<\/span><\/h2><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p>The research carried out by the <strong>Materials Engineering and Metallurgy<\/strong> team <strong>(ID2M)<\/strong> focuses on the development and characterization of materials at the chemical, structural and mechanical levels, as well as their behavioral analysis in real-life situations, at different scales (atomic, nanoscopic, microscopic, mesoscopic, macroscopic) in close relation to applications.<\/p>\n<p>The team currently comprises 8 researchers and teacher-researchers, plus 15 non-permanent staff (PhD students, post-docs and ATERs). Team members are based at two sites (Lombarderie and Chantrerie). Under a partnership agreement, one team member works half-time at IMN and the other half-time at<a href=\"https:\/\/www.univ-gustave-eiffel.fr\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel<\/a>. Research within the team is divided into two themes directly related to structural materials:   <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Metallic materials<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Natural materials and the environment<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The team&#8217;s research focuses on the design and development of materials and the study of their properties from an academic perspective with a view to industrial applications. The aim is to find ways of improving the properties of materials by modifying their elaboration processes and induced microstructures. This research is based on a fundamental understanding of the evolution of materials, fine-tuned experimental methods and the development of models and numerical simulations.<\/p>\n<\/div><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/category\/id2m\/\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Team news<\/span><i class=\"fa-long-arrow-alt-right fas awb-button__icon awb-button__icon--default button-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-2 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-1 fusion_builder_column_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:5%;--awb-padding-right:7%;--awb-padding-bottom:3%;--awb-padding-left:7%;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-image:linear-gradient(180deg, var(--awb-custom_color_1) 0%,var(--awb-color6) 100%);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-radius:5px 5px 5px 5px;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:40px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-stretch fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:0;--awb-flex-grow-small:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:0;--awb-flex-shrink-small:0;width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-0 fusion_builder_column_inner_3_4 3_4 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:75%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:2.56%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:2.56%;--awb-width-medium:75%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:2.56%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:2.56%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-2 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-font-size:25px;--awb-line-height:1.2;--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color1);--awb-margin-bottom:0px;--awb-text-font-family:&quot;Libre Franklin&quot;;--awb-text-font-style:italic;--awb-text-font-weight:700;\"><p>Discover all ID2M publications on the <a href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/ID2M\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">HAL<\/a> national archive.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-1 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_4 1_4 fusion-flex-column fusion-flex-align-self-stretch\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:25%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:7.68%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:7.68%;--awb-width-medium:25%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:7.68%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:7.68%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"sm-text-align-left\" style=\"text-align:center;\"><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-2 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/hal.science\/ID2M\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">I consult<\/span><i class=\"fa-long-arrow-alt-right fas awb-button__icon awb-button__icon--default button-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-3 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background fusion-parallax-none hundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-bottom:40px;--awb-background-image:url(&quot;https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/transition-ID2M.jpg&quot;);--awb-background-size:cover;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-2 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:300px;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-4 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-padding-top:40px;--awb-background-color:var(--awb-color2);--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-3 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-2 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">Main themes<\/p><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-3\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/materials-engineering-and-metallurgy\/metallic-materials\/\"><strong>1. Metallic materials<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/materials-engineering-and-metallurgy\/natural-materials-and-the-environment\/\"><strong>2. Natural materials and the environment<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-3 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">Cross-team themes<\/p><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-4\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/teams\/cross-team-modeling\/\"><strong>&#8211; Modelling<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/teams\/exploratory-synthesis-of-new-chalcogen-materials-by-soft-chemistry\/\"><strong>&#8211; Chalcogen materials<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-4 fusion_builder_column_1_2 1_2 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:50%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.84%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.84%;--awb-width-medium:50%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.84%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.84%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-4 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\"><p style=\"text-align: left;\">Areas of expertise and tools<\/p><\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-5\"><p><u>Structural and physico-chemical characterization of materials<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Scanning electron microscopy (SEM-ES\/BSE, EDX, WDX, EBSD, heated traction plate)<\/li>\n<li>Micro-fluorescence X<\/li>\n<li>Transmission electron microscopy (BF-TEM, HRTEM, STEM-HAADF, STEM-EDX, (STEM-)EELS, SAED, electron precession, tomography, ASTAR phase mapping)<\/li>\n<li>Light microscopy (Mozaic and 3D reconstruction)<\/li>\n<li>High-speed IR camera<\/li>\n<li>High-speed camera<\/li>\n<li>X-ray powder diffraction, structural resolution<\/li>\n<li>Solid State NMR<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><u>Mechanical characterization of materials<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Traction-compression-bending (-196\u00b0C to 1100\u00b0C) + extensometry<\/li>\n<li>Fatigue (up to 1200\u00b0C)<\/li>\n<li>Constant stress creep<\/li>\n<li>Automatic microhardening<\/li>\n<li>Charpy impact tests<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><u>Materials studied<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Metals and alloys<\/li>\n<li>Ceramics<\/li>\n<li>Natural materials<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><u>Different shapes of materials<\/u><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Massifs<\/li>\n<li>Finely divided (powders)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-5 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:20px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-5 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-builder-row-inner fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"--awb-flex-grow:0;--awb-flex-grow-medium:0;--awb-flex-grow-small:0;--awb-flex-shrink:0;--awb-flex-shrink-medium:0;--awb-flex-shrink-small:0;width:104% !important;max-width:104% !important;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-2 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:5%;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:5%;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-image:linear-gradient(180deg, var(--awb-custom_color_1) 0%,var(--awb-color6) 100%);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-radius:5px 5px 5px 5px;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-5 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-text-color:var(--awb-color5);--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Ongoing research projects (ANR, PEPR, Europe&#8230;)<\/h3><\/div><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-3 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/projects-collaborations\/academic-projects\/\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Projects<\/span><i class=\"fa-long-arrow-alt-right fas awb-button__icon awb-button__icon--default button-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column_inner fusion-builder-nested-column-3 fusion_builder_column_inner_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:5%;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:5%;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-border-top:5px;--awb-border-right:5px;--awb-border-bottom:5px;--awb-border-left:5px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:5px 5px 5px 5px;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:0px;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:0px;--awb-spacing-left-medium:0px;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-6 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Teaching<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-6\"><p>In addition to their research activities, the ID2M team&#8217;s teacher-researchers are heavily involved in training, teaching courses in various bachelor&#8217;s, master&#8217;s and doctoral programs. They are also responsible for teaching in several courses at Nantes University and the Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel.<\/p>\n<\/div><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-4 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/training\/\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Training<\/span><i class=\"fa-long-arrow-alt-right fas awb-button__icon awb-button__icon--default button-icon-right\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-6 fusion_builder_column_3_5 3_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:5%;--awb-padding-right:5%;--awb-padding-bottom:5%;--awb-padding-left:5%;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-color:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-bg-color-hover:var(--awb-custom_color_2);--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-radius:5px 5px 5px 5px;--awb-width-large:60%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:3.2%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:3.2%;--awb-width-medium:60%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:3.2%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:3.2%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-7 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-left\" style=\"margin:0;\">Collaborations<\/h3><\/div><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-7\"><p><u>Regional<\/u>: GeM (Nantes), LS2N (Nantes), RMES (Nantes), Universit\u00e9 Gustave Eiffel &#8211; ex IFSTTAR (Nantes), CEISAM (Nantes).<\/p>\n<p><u>National<\/u>: Lab. Georges Friedel (St Etienne), IRDL (Lorient), ICMMO (Orsay), CiNaM (Marseille), Chimie de Paris-Paris Tech, ISCR-CMet (Rennes), ISTERRE Universit\u00e9 de Grenoble, LiENSs La Rochelle, UCCS (Lille), IC2MP (Poitiers), CRISMAT (Caen), LPS (Orsay). <\/p>\n<p><u>International<\/u>: ETS (Montreal, Canada), Lancaster University (UK), University of Nevada (Las Vegas), Universit\u00e9 de Sherbrooke (Canada), University of Balamand (Lebanon), Tyndall Institute (Ireland), Technical University of Crete (Greece), Future Industries Institute\/ University of South Australia (Adelaide, Australia), Hokkaido University (Japan), Oxford University (UK).<\/p>\n<p>The team also has numerous industrial collaborations as part of research projects.<\/p>\n<\/div><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat fusion-button-default-size button-default fusion-button-default button-5 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/projects-collaborations\/\"><i class=\"fa-long-arrow-alt-right fas awb-button__icon awb-button__icon--default button-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Read more<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-6 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:40px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-7 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"awb-gallery-wrapper awb-gallery-wrapper-1 button-span-no\" style=\"--more-btn-alignment:center;\"><div style=\"margin:-5px;--awb-bordersize:0px;\" class=\"fusion-gallery fusion-gallery-container fusion-grid-3 fusion-columns-total-5 fusion-gallery-layout-masonry fusion-gallery-1\"><div class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-3 hover-type-none fusion-grid-sizer\"><\/div><div style=\"padding:5px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-3 hover-type-none fusion-element-portrait\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery1.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><div style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery1.jpg);padding-top:calc((100% + 10px) * 1.6);background-position:;\" class=\"fusion-masonry-element-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery1.jpg\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1600\" alt=\"\" title=\"ID2M-gallery1\" aria-label=\"ID2M-gallery1\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-3559\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery1-200x320.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery1-400x640.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery1-600x960.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery1-800x1280.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery1.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 784px) 397px, (min-width: 712px) 595px, (min-width: 640px) 712px, \" \/><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding:5px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-3 hover-type-none fusion-element-landscape\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><div style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4.jpg);padding-top:calc((100% + 10px) * 0.4 - 5px);background-position:;\" class=\"fusion-masonry-element-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4.jpg\" width=\"1600\" height=\"800\" alt=\"\" title=\"ID2M-gallery4\" aria-label=\"ID2M-gallery4\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-3562\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4-200x100.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4-400x200.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4-600x300.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4-800x400.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4-1200x600.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery4.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 640px) 1200px, \" \/><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding:5px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-3 hover-type-none fusion-element-grid\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><div style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5.jpg);padding-top:calc((100% + 10px) * 0.8 - 5px);background-position:;\" class=\"fusion-masonry-element-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5.jpg\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1200\" alt=\"\" title=\"ID2M-gallery5\" aria-label=\"ID2M-gallery5\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-3563\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5-200x150.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5-600x450.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5-800x600.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery5.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 784px) 397px, (min-width: 712px) 595px, (min-width: 640px) 712px, \" \/><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding:5px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-3 hover-type-none fusion-element-landscape\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><div style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1.jpg);padding-top:calc((100% + 10px) * 0.4 - 5px);background-position:;\" class=\"fusion-masonry-element-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1.jpg\" width=\"1600\" height=\"800\" alt=\"\" title=\"ID2M-gallery3\" aria-label=\"ID2M-gallery3\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-3566\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1-200x100.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1-400x200.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1-600x300.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1-800x400.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1-1200x600.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery3-1.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 640px) 1200px, \" \/><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><div style=\"padding:5px;\" class=\"fusion-grid-column fusion-gallery-column fusion-gallery-column-3 hover-type-none fusion-element-portrait\"><div class=\"fusion-gallery-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery2-1.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer\" data-rel=\"iLightbox[gallery_image_1]\" class=\"fusion-lightbox\" target=\"_self\"><div style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery2-1.jpg);padding-top:calc((100% + 10px) * 1.6);background-position:;\" class=\"fusion-masonry-element-container\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery2-1.jpg\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1600\" alt=\"\" title=\"ID2M-gallery2\" aria-label=\"ID2M-gallery2\" class=\"img-responsive wp-image-3565\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery2-1-200x320.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery2-1-400x640.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery2-1-600x960.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery2-1-800x1280.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ID2M-gallery2-1.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 2200px) 100vw, (min-width: 784px) 397px, (min-width: 712px) 595px, (min-width: 640px) 712px, \" \/><\/div><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-7 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-margin-top:40px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-8 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-8 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"margin:0;\">Average figures<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-9 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-counters-box counters-box row fusion-clearfix fusion-columns-6 databox\" style=\"--awb-body-size:14;--awb-border-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-title-size:35;--awb-icon-size:35;--awb-border-color:var(--awb-color6);\"><div class=\"fusion-counter-box fusion-column col-counter-box counter-box-wrapper col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-2\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"counter-box-container\"><div class=\"content-box-percentage content-box-counter\"><i class=\"counter-box-icon fontawesome-icon fa-users fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"display-counter\" data-value=\"8\" data-direction=\"up\" data-decimals=\"0\">0<\/span><\/div><div class=\"counter-box-content\">Permanent staff<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-counter-box fusion-column col-counter-box counter-box-wrapper col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-2\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"counter-box-container\"><div class=\"content-box-percentage content-box-counter\"><i class=\"counter-box-icon fontawesome-icon fa-user-friends fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"display-counter\" data-value=\"15\" data-direction=\"up\" data-decimals=\"0\">0<\/span><\/div><div class=\"counter-box-content\">Non-permanent staff <\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-counter-box fusion-column col-counter-box counter-box-wrapper col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-2\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"counter-box-container\"><div class=\"content-box-percentage content-box-counter\"><i class=\"counter-box-icon fontawesome-icon fa-file-signature fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"display-counter\" data-value=\"78\" data-direction=\"up\" data-decimals=\"0\">0<\/span><\/div><div class=\"counter-box-content\">Publications\/6 years<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-counter-box fusion-column col-counter-box counter-box-wrapper col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-2\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"counter-box-container\"><div class=\"content-box-percentage content-box-counter\"><i class=\"counter-box-icon fontawesome-icon fa-file-image fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"display-counter\" data-value=\"3\" data-direction=\"up\" data-decimals=\"0\">0<\/span><\/div><div class=\"counter-box-content\">Patents \/ 6 years<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-counter-box fusion-column col-counter-box counter-box-wrapper col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-2\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"counter-box-container\"><div class=\"content-box-percentage content-box-counter\"><i class=\"counter-box-icon fontawesome-icon fa-hands-helping fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"display-counter\" data-value=\"17\" data-direction=\"up\" data-decimals=\"0\">0<\/span><\/div><div class=\"counter-box-content\">Current contracts<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-counter-box fusion-column col-counter-box counter-box-wrapper col-lg-2 col-md-2 col-sm-2\" data-animationOffset=\"top-into-view\"><div class=\"counter-box-container\"><div class=\"content-box-percentage content-box-counter\"><i class=\"counter-box-icon fontawesome-icon fa-bullhorn fas\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span class=\"display-counter\" data-value=\"4\" data-direction=\"up\" data-decimals=\"0\">0<\/span><\/div><div class=\"counter-box-content\">Conferences \/year<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-8 fusion-flex-container has-pattern-background has-mask-background nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-justify-content-center fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-10 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-image-element \" style=\"text-align:center;--awb-margin-top:20px;--awb-margin-bottom:40px;--awb-caption-title-font-family:var(--h2_typography-font-family);--awb-caption-title-font-weight:var(--h2_typography-font-weight);--awb-caption-title-font-style:var(--h2_typography-font-style);--awb-caption-title-size:var(--h2_typography-font-size);--awb-caption-title-transform:var(--h2_typography-text-transform);--awb-caption-title-line-height:var(--h2_typography-line-height);--awb-caption-title-letter-spacing:var(--h2_typography-letter-spacing);\"><span class=\" fusion-imageframe imageframe-none imageframe-1 hover-type-none\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"400\" title=\"team-ID2M\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/team-ID2M.jpg\" alt class=\"img-responsive wp-image-3558\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/team-ID2M-200x80.jpg 200w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/team-ID2M-400x160.jpg 400w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/team-ID2M-600x240.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/team-ID2M-800x320.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/team-ID2M.jpg 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-11 fusion_builder_column_2_5 2_5 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-padding-top:4%;--awb-padding-right:4%;--awb-padding-bottom:4%;--awb-padding-left:4%;--awb-overflow:hidden;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-border-color:var(--awb-color6);--awb-border-top:2px;--awb-border-right:2px;--awb-border-bottom:2px;--awb-border-left:2px;--awb-border-style:solid;--awb-border-radius:5px 5px 5px 5px;--awb-width-large:40%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:4.8%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:4.8%;--awb-width-medium:40%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:4.8%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:4.8%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\" data-scroll-devices=\"small-visibility,medium-visibility,large-visibility\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-8 fusion-text-no-margin\" style=\"--awb-margin-bottom:0px;\"><p style=\"text-align: center;\">Team manager: Pascal Paillard<br \/>\nDeputy manager: Anne-Claire Gaillot<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-12 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-9 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"margin:0;\">Permanent staff<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-13 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:33.333333333333%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.76%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.76%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-9\"><ul>\n<li><strong>BERTRAND Emmanuel<\/strong> <em>(Ens.-Researcher)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/member\/braems-abbaspour-isabelle\/\"><strong>BRAEMS-ABBASPOUR Isabelle<\/strong><\/a> <em>(Researcher)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>COUTURIER Laurent<\/strong> <em>(Ens.-Researcher)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-14 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:33.333333333333%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.76%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.76%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-10\"><ul>\n<li><strong>DENEELE Dimitri<\/strong> <em>(Researcher)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>GAILLOT Anne-Claire<\/strong><em> (Ens.-Researcher)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/member\/paillard-pascal\/\"><strong>PAILLARD Pascal<\/strong><\/a><em> (Ens.-Researcher)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-15 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:33.333333333333%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.76%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.76%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-11\"><ul>\n<li><strong>POPA Florin<\/strong> <em>(Ens.-Researcher)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/member\/tancret-franck\/\"><strong>TANCRET Franck<\/strong> <\/a><em>(Ens.-Researcher)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-16 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-title title fusion-title-10 fusion-sep-none fusion-title-center fusion-title-text fusion-title-size-three\" style=\"--awb-margin-top-small:10px;--awb-margin-right-small:0px;--awb-margin-bottom-small:10px;--awb-margin-left-small:0px;\"><h3 class=\"fusion-title-heading title-heading-center\" style=\"margin:0;\">Non-permanent<\/h3><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-17 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:33.333333333333%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.76%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.76%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-12\"><ul>\n<li><strong>ADEOYE Dahuda<\/strong> <em>(PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>ADJOVI Expedit S\u00e9na<\/strong> <em>(PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>AGUILAR GUIMARAES Paula<\/strong> <em>(Doct.)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>ARNOULIN<\/strong> <strong>Pauline<\/strong><em> (PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>BIDON<\/strong> <strong>Ilana <\/strong><em>(PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-18 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:33.333333333333%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.76%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.76%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-13\"><ul>\n<li><strong>CHARROIS Martin<\/strong> <em>(PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>CLAVIER Valentin<\/strong> <em>(PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>GAMEIRO Marie<\/strong> <em>(PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>HARYOULI Gabin<\/strong><em> (PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>MAATAOUI Jailam<\/strong><em> (PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-19 fusion_builder_column_1_3 1_3 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:33.333333333333%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:5.76%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:20px;--awb-spacing-left-large:5.76%;--awb-width-medium:33.333333333333%;--awb-order-medium:0;--awb-spacing-right-medium:5.76%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:5.76%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-order-small:0;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-column-has-shadow fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-14\"><ul>\n<li><strong>MATHIEU Laura<\/strong> <em>(PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>MOTTE Mika\u00ebl<\/strong><em> (PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>RAQUIN Arthur<\/strong><em> (PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>RASSANE Anas<\/strong><em> (PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<li><strong>RIAHI Koutheir<\/strong><em> (PhD student)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"100-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3556","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3556","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3556"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3556\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5659,"href":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3556\/revisions\/5659"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cnrs-imn.fr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3556"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}